https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/issue/feed 2026-03-31T00:00:00+00:00 Prof. Tihnov Koldoris ijhms@sloap.org Open Journal Systems <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>IJHMS </strong>is published in English and it is open to authors around the world regardless of the nationality. The frequency or number of issues per year is continous.<br />ISSN 2632-9433</p> https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2452 2025-10-25T20:11:09+00:00 Naif Alanazi abslep@hotmail.com

<p>Heat stress is a critical and potentially life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the body’s thermoregulatory mechanisms fail to dissipate excessive heat, resulting in elevated core body temperature and systemic dysfunction. This paper explores heat stress as a medical emergency, highlighting its pathophysiology, epidemiological trends, and the essential role of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in early recognition, prehospital management, and coordination of care. The study synthesizes current evidence from international health authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH), to establish a comprehensive understanding of heat-related illness management. It emphasizes the integration of EMS systems in Saudi Arabia, where environmental heat exposure and mass gatherings present unique challenges. The findings underscore the importance of timely field cooling, rapid transport, and continuous training for EMS personnel to mitigate morbidity and mortality associated with heat emergencies</p>

2026-01-05T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 International journal of health & medical sciences https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2463 2026-01-07T14:36:08+00:00 Vida Nanda Chattalia vidananda@undiknas.ac.id Komang Tri Yudartha Widnyana vidananda@undiknas.ac.id

<p>Background: The quadriceps angle (Q-angle) is an anatomical parameter reflecting lower extremity alignment and knee biomechanics. Abnormal or excessive Q-angle has been proposed as an intrinsic risk factor for sports-related injuries, particularly involving the knee joint. Objective: This review aimed to summarize current evidence regarding the association between Q-angle and the risk of sports-related injuries in athletes and physically active individuals. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified using relevant keywords related to Q-angle, injury risk, and sport. Original research and review articles involving human participants were included and analyzed descriptively. Results: Most studies reported that increased and abnormal Q-angle values are associated with altered lower extremity alignment, increased patellofemoral stress, impaired patellar tracking, and a greater tendency toward dynamic knee valgus. These biomechanical alterations were linked to a higher risk of patellofemoral pain syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome, patellar instability, and knee ligament injuries. Higher and asymmetric Q-angle values were more frequently observed in female athletes and in sports involving repetitive and high-impact movements. Conclusion: Excessive Q-angle appears to be an important anatomical factor associated with increased lower extremity injury risk.&nbsp;</p>

2026-01-07T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 International journal of health & medical sciences