https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>IJHMS </strong>is published in English and it is open to authors around the world regardless of the nationality. The frequency or number of issues per year is continous.<br />ISSN 2632-9433</p> en-US <p>Articles published in the International Journal of Health &amp; Medical Sciences (<strong>IJHMS</strong>) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</a>). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant <strong>IJHMS&nbsp;</strong>right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.</p> <p>Articles published in <strong>IJHMS&nbsp;</strong>can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (<em>e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book</em>), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.</p> ijhms@sloap.org (Prof. Tihnov Koldoris) support@sloap.org (Vedran Vucic) Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000 OJS 3.2.1.1 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2452 <p>Heat stress is a critical and potentially life-threatening medical condition that occurs when the body’s thermoregulatory mechanisms fail to dissipate excessive heat, resulting in elevated core body temperature and systemic dysfunction. This paper explores heat stress as a medical emergency, highlighting its pathophysiology, epidemiological trends, and the essential role of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in early recognition, prehospital management, and coordination of care. The study synthesizes current evidence from international health authorities, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH), to establish a comprehensive understanding of heat-related illness management. It emphasizes the integration of EMS systems in Saudi Arabia, where environmental heat exposure and mass gatherings present unique challenges. The findings underscore the importance of timely field cooling, rapid transport, and continuous training for EMS personnel to mitigate morbidity and mortality associated with heat emergencies</p> Naif Alanazi Copyright (c) 2025 International journal of health & medical sciences http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2452 Mon, 05 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2463 <p>Background: The quadriceps angle (Q-angle) is an anatomical parameter reflecting lower extremity alignment and knee biomechanics. Abnormal or excessive Q-angle has been proposed as an intrinsic risk factor for sports-related injuries, particularly involving the knee joint. Objective: This review aimed to summarize current evidence regarding the association between Q-angle and the risk of sports-related injuries in athletes and physically active individuals. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified using relevant keywords related to Q-angle, injury risk, and sport. Original research and review articles involving human participants were included and analyzed descriptively. Results: Most studies reported that increased and abnormal Q-angle values are associated with altered lower extremity alignment, increased patellofemoral stress, impaired patellar tracking, and a greater tendency toward dynamic knee valgus. These biomechanical alterations were linked to a higher risk of patellofemoral pain syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome, patellar instability, and knee ligament injuries. Higher and asymmetric Q-angle values were more frequently observed in female athletes and in sports involving repetitive and high-impact movements. Conclusion: Excessive Q-angle appears to be an important anatomical factor associated with increased lower extremity injury risk.&nbsp;</p> Vida Nanda Chattalia, Komang Tri Yudartha Widnyana Copyright (c) 2026 International journal of health & medical sciences http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/2463 Wed, 07 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000