Gender in the dock
An analysis of moral decadence in Amma Darko’s Faceless (2003) and Not Without Flowers (2007)
Keywords:
female, gender, male, moral decadence, sexAbstract
It happens sometimes that culture or the tradition to which we belong weighs heavy on our shoulders, and distresses us to an extent that we lose all sense of morals and drift into decadence. In reference to literature, moral decadence designates a corrosive process or situation of deterioration and decline in society’s ethical codes and sexual morality. In her perspective to dismantle the patriarchal culture, Amma Darko exposes the moral decline to which her society is prey and points an accusing finger at the gender-oriented system. The purpose of this article is to examine how gender and the standards that go with it can influence social depravity and the mounting loss of moral values among individuals. Stressing the writer’s objectivity and her catharsis-based approach as therapy, this analysis of Amma Darko’s Faceless and Not Without Flowers allows to have an off-screen look at the hideous consequences of gender prejudice. As they want or fail to meet the demands of the sexist ideology, both male and female, central and secondary characters are revealed to find solace in illicit deeds and amorality.
Downloads
References
Abeka, P., Marfo, C., & Bonku, L. (2014). An Angle of Seeing: Pornography and Profanity as Pharmakon in Darko’s Beyond the Horizon and The Housemaid. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 5(2), 108-114.
Achebe, C. (1975). Morning yet on creation day: Essays. Anchor Press.
Adichie, C. N. (2013). “We should all be feminists” in TED Talk
Budden, A. E., Tregenza, T., Aarssen, L. W., Koricheva, J., Leimu, R., & Lortie, C. J. (2008). Double-blind review favours increased representation of female authors. Trends in ecology & evolution, 23(1), 4-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2007.07.008
Dako, K., Denkabe, A., & Yitah, H. (2006). Pawns and players: The women in Amma Darko’s novels. Sex and Gender in an Era of AIDS: Ghana at the Turn of the Millennium,. Accra: Ghana Sub-Saharan Publishers.
Darko, A. (1995). Beyond the Horizon. London: Heineman.
Darko, A. (1998). The Housemaid. London. Heinemann.
Darko, A. (2003). Faceless. Accra: Sub-Saharan Publishers.
Darko, A. (2003). Interview with Patrik Muana. Mordern Ghana News.
Darko, A. (2007). Not Without Flowers. Accra: Sub-Saharan Publishers.
Deflem, M. (2015). Anomie: History of the Concept. J. D. Wright Ed., International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 718-721. Oxford: Elsevier.
Durkheim, E. (1893). The Division of Social Labor in Society. New York: The Free Press.
Durkheim, E. (1951). Suicide: A study in Sociology. New York: The Free Press.
Emecheta, B. (1979). The Joys of Motherhood. London: Allison & Busby.
Etxebarria, I. (2000). Guilt: An emotion under suspicion. Psychothema , 101-108.
Fischer, E. M., Reuber, A. R., & Dyke, L. S. (1993). A theoretical overview and extension of research on sex, gender, and entrepreneurship. Journal of business venturing, 8(2), 151-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(93)90017-Y
Gbaguidi, C., & Allagbe, A. M. (2018). African social appraisals of women’s liberal and radical feminism in selected contemporary West and Central African female and male novels. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture, 4(6), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v4n6.374
Greene, J., & Haidt, J. (2002). How (and where) does moral judgment work?. Trends in cognitive sciences, 6(12), 517-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(02)02011-9
Hachalinga, P. (2017). How Curses Impact People and Biblical Responses. Journal of Adventist Mission Studies, 13(1), 55-63.
Kourilsky, M. L., & Walstad, W. B. (1998). Entrepreneurship and female youth: Knowledge, attitudes, gender differences, and educational practices. Journal of Business venturing, 13(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00032-3
Nwapa, F. (1981). One is enough. Tana Press.
Odey, E. A. & Akpashila, R. (2016). African Traditional Sex Laws: A Panacea to HIV/AIDS Pandemic in Nigeria. Obudu Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, vol.2, 36-39.
Penton-Voak, I. S., & Perrett, D. I. (2000). Female preference for male faces changes cyclically: Further evidence. Evolution and Human Behavior, 21(1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-5138(99)00033-1
Rekart, M. L. (2005). Sex-work harm reduction. The Lancet, 366(9503), 2123-2134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67732-X
Sexton, D. L., & Bowman-Upton, N. (1990). Female and male entrepreneurs: Psychological characteristics and their role in gender-related discrimination. Journal of business venturing, 5(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(90)90024-N
Shannon, G., Jansen, M., Williams, K., Cáceres, C., Motta, A., Odhiambo, A., ... & Mannell, J. (2019). Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter?. The Lancet, 393(10171), 560-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33135-0
Suter, R. S., & Hertwig, R. (2011). Time and moral judgment. Cognition, 119(3), 454-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2011.01.018
Wiesenfeld-Hallin, Z. (2005). Sex differences in pain perception. Gender medicine, 2(3), 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1550-8579(05)80042-7
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 International journal of linguistics, literature and culture
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture (IJLLC) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJLLC right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJLLC can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IJLLC volumes 6 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.