Do green credit and female board representation effect profitability in the banking sub-sector?
Keywords:
green credit, female board representation, profitabilityAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of green credit and the proportion of women on the board of directors on profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA). The study focuses on banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 18 firms with a total of 72 observations. The data were analyzed using panel data regression techniques with EViews 12. The results indicate that green credit in the previous period has a positive effect on current profitability, while the proportion of women on the board of directors does not have a significant effect on profitability. The findings imply that strengthening green credit should be considered a strategic approach to ensuring banking sustainability, while female representation on the board needs to be increased to provide a more substantial contribution to firm profitability.
Downloads
References
Abinzano, I., Martinez, B., & Poletti-Hughes, J. (2023). Women in power with power: The influence of meaningful board representation on default risk. International Review of Financial Analysis, 89, 102771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102771
Awwad, B. S., Binsaddig, R., Kanan, M., & Al Shirawi, T. (2023). Women on boards: an empirical study on the effects on financial performance and corporate social responsibility. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 33(1), 147-160.
Bogdan, V., Popa, D. N., & Belene?i, M. (2022). The complexity of interaction between executive board gender diversity and financial performance: A panel analysis approach based on random effects. Complexity, 2022(1), 9559342.
Carmo, C., Alves, S., & Quaresma, B. (2022). Women on boards in Portuguese listed companies: does gender diversity influence financial performance?. Sustainability, 14(10), 6186.
Chijoke-Mgbame, A. M., Boateng, A., & Mgbame, C. O. (2020). Board gender diversity, audit committee and financial performance: evidence from Nigeria. In Accounting forum (Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 262-286). Routledge.
Cox, T. H., & Blake, S. (1991). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness. Academy of Management perspectives, 5(3), 45-56.
Deegan, C. M. (2019). Legitimacy theory: Despite its enduring popularity and contribution, time is right for a necessary makeover. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 32(8), 2307-2329.
Dowling, J., & Pfeffer, J. (1975). Organizational legitimacy: Social values and organizational behavior. Pacific sociological review, 18(1), 122-136.
Fata, F. A., & Arifin, Z. (2024). The impact of green credit distribution on bank performance and influencing factors: a case study of Indonesian banks. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 13(1), 323-332.
Fidanoski, F., Choudhry, M., Davidovi?, M., & Sergi, B. S. (2018). What does affect profitability of banks in Croatia?. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 28(4), 338-367.
Gao, X., & Guo, Y. (2022). The green credit policy impact on the financial performance of commercial banks: A quasi?natural experiment from China. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022(1), 9087498.
Husen, I. M., & Fitrijanti, T. (2024). Analisis kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dalam mendorong penyaluran green credit pada sektor perbankan syariah. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(3), 867.
Ionascu, M., Ionascu, I., Sacarin, M., & Minu, M. (2018). Women on boards and financial performance: Evidence from a European emerging market. Sustainability, 10(5), 1644.
Jabari, H. N., & Muhamad, R. (2021). Gender diversity and financial performance of Islamic banks. Journal of financial reporting and accounting, 19(3), 412-433.
Joecks, J., Pull, K., & Scharfenkamp, K. (2024). Women directors, board attendance, and corporate financial performance. Corporate governance: An international review, 32(2), 205-227.
Li, Q., & Gu, X. (2025). The impact of green credit on the financial performance of green transformation enterprises: Based on the chain mediation effect of ESG. International Review of Economics & Finance, 104525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2025.104525
Li, X., & Lu, Y. (2022). How green credit policy shapes financial performance: Evidence from Chinese listed construction energy-saving enterprise. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 1004247.
Magoma, A., & Ernest, E. (2023). The impact of board gender diversity on financial performance of listed firms in Tanzania: A panel analysis. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 12(3), 78-87.
Maji, S. G., & Saha, R. (2021). Gender diversity and financial performance in an emerging economy: empirical evidencefrom India. Management Research Review, 44(12), 1660-1683.
Manfa, A., Triyono, T., & Bawono, A. (2024). Financial performance, gender diversity and corporate environmental performance: the moderating role of firm size. Jurnal AKSI (Akuntansi dan Sistem Informasi), 9(1).
Mansikkamäki, S. (2023). Firm growth and profitability: The role of age and size in shifts between growth–profitability configurations. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 19, e00372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2023.e00372
Nadeem, M., Suleman, T., & Ahmed, A. (2019). Women on boards, firm risk and the profitability nexus: does gender diversity moderate the risk and return relationship?. International Review of Economics & Finance, 64, 427-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2019.08.007
Obiedallah, Y. R., & Abdelaziz, A. H. (2024). Financial inclusion and Financial Performance: The interplay role of capital adequacy requirements in Egyptian Banks. Future Business Journal, 10(1), 96.
Oktaviana, I. (2025). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, Profitabilitas Dan Umur Perusahaan Terhadap Audit Report Lag (Studi Empiris Di Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Dan Kimia Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2020-2023) (Doctoral dissertation, UIN KH Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan).
Pervan, M., & Mlikota, M. (2013). What determines the profitability of companies: case of Croatian food and beverage industry. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 26(1), 277-286.
Riyanti, S., & Erdawati, L. (2025). Pengaruh Biaya Lingkungan, Green Innovation Dan Green Investment Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Subsktor Batu Bara Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023. Musytari: Jurnal Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Ekonomi, 16(12), 71-80.
Sari, S. M. R., & Nurdiawansyah, N. (2024). Determinan Profitabilitas pada Bank Konvensional di Indonesia. Owner: Riset dan Jurnal Akuntansi, 8(3), 2771-2782.
Satria, M. R., Defung, F. D. F., & Anwar, H. (2020). Pengaruh struktur kepemilikan terhadap intellectual capital disclosure pada perusahaan property real estate. Jurnal manajemen, 12(2), 259-266.
Simionescu, L. N., Gherghina, ?. C., Tawil, H., & Sheikha, Z. (2021). Does board gender diversity affect firm performance? Empirical evidence from Standard & Poor’s 500 Information Technology Sector. Financial Innovation, 7(1), 52.
Song, X., Deng, X., & Wu, R. (2019). Comparing the influence of green credit on commercial bank profitability in China and abroad: empirical test based on a dynamic panel system using GMM. International Journal of Financial Studies, 7(4), 64.
Surya, A., & Ekatama, M. R. (2022). Effect of capital structure on profitability and its implications on financial performance PT BRI Sharia TBK. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 5(4), 270-279. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijbem.v5n4.1970
Sutrisno, S., Widarjono, A., & Hakim, A. (2024). The role of green credit in bank profitability and stability: a case study on green banking in Indonesia. Risks, 12(12), 198.
Xi, B., Wang, Y., & Yang, M. (2022). Green credit, green reputation, and corporate financial performance: evidence from China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(2), 2401-2419.
Yami, N., Alshurafat, H., & Shaaban, M. S. I. (2025). The female directors' effect on a firm's performance: Evidence using US firms. Acta Psychologica, 258, 105165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105165
Yao, J., Xu, P., & Huang, Z. (2021). Impact of urbanization on ecological efficiency in China: An empirical analysis based on provincial panel data. Ecological Indicators, 129, 107827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107827
Yin, W., Zhu, Z., Kirkulak-Uludag, B., & Zhu, Y. (2021). The determinants of green credit and its impact on the performance of Chinese banks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 286, 124991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124991
Zhou, M., Govindan, K., Xie, X., & Yan, L. (2021). How to drive green innovation in China's mining enterprises? Under the perspective of environmental legitimacy and green absorptive capacity. Resources Policy, 72, 102038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102038
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 International journal of business, economics and management

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Journal of Business, Economics & Management (IJBEM) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IJBEM right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IJBEM can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.








