Juvenile delinquency dimension of child labour: implications for human and capital development in Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.31295/ijss.v4n1.1351

Authors

  • May Omogho Esiri Department of Sociology and Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
  • Eucharia Ejechi Department of Sociology and Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

Keywords:

child labour, delinquency, development, dimension, Juvenile, young persons

Abstract

Juvenile delinquency and child labour are related social problems that today plague Nigeria. They both affect young boys and girls, some of whom are children (juveniles). Among these juveniles are children who have been involved in criminal behavior like gangism, banditry, thuggery, drug sales and abuse behaviors which are sometimes developed from participation in child labour activities which have become severe in Nigeria. Majority of these activities take the form of street hawking in the Southern part of the country, and street begging in its northern part by children addressed as Almajirai. These problems if allowed to remain will compromise and jeopardize not only the future of the child, but also that of the nation, Nigeria. Thus this study investigates juvenile delinquency as predated by child labour with a view to explaining causality and effects. Particularly, as it relates to human and capital development, and to make suggestions towards finding solutions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adiotomre, J. (1998). Introduction to Education Administration. Warri, Nigeria: COEWA publishers

African charter on the Rights and welfare of the child (ACRWC) (1990). Adopted by the organisation of African Unity (OAU).

African Union (2019). African Union Action Plan towards the eradication of child labour and modern slavery on the continent. Business and Human Rights Resource centre. www.business-humanrights.org

Alemika, E.E. O & Chukwuma, I.C (2008). Juvenile Justice Administration in Nigeria: Philosophy and practice. Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria: centre for law Enforcement Education.

Ammani, A. A. (2009). Street begging: exposing the effect of blatant paying of lip service. http://www.ganji.comarticles8oo/news8196.htm

Avwata, B. (1983) A modern Sociology of Education: A systematic Analysis. Warri, Nigeria: COEWA publishers

Baland, J. & Robinson, J. A. (2000). Is child labour inefficient? Journal of political Economy 88 (3), 412-427.

Bartollas, C.B (1990). Juvenile Delinquency. New York: Macmillan publishing company.

Bingen, J., Serrano, A., & Howard, J. (2003). Linking farmers to markets: different approaches to human capital development. Food policy, 28(4), 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2003.08.007

Broun I. B, Ube, M. & Bisong, M. D. (2010). Counseling youth against drugs abuse: implication for human development conference proceeding 34th Annual SCASSON conference p20-28.

Bukoye, R. O. & Precedia (2015). Case study: prevalence and consequences of streets begging among adults and children in Nigeria, Suleja metropolis. Social and Behavioural Sciences, 17 (2015), 323 -333

Child Abuse, Prevention and Treatment Act (1994). The Human services Amendments (P.L. 103 – 252, 5/19/1994).

Child Rights Act (2003). Laws of Nigeria. lawsofnigeria.plcing.org>laws.

?iutien?, R., & Railait?, R. (2015). A development of human capital in the context of an aging population. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 753-757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.463

Currie, J., & Almond, D. (2011). Human capital development before age five. In Handbook of labor economics (Vol. 4, pp. 1315-1486). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7218(11)02413-0

Darcy, S., Maxwell, H., Edwards, M., Onyx, J., & Sherker, S. (2014). More than a sport and volunteer organisation: Investigating social capital development in a sporting organisation. Sport Management Review, 17(4), 395-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2014.01.003

Durkheim, E. (1955). Anomie suicide. In Stein H.S & Cloward, R. A, Social Perspective on Behaviour Ilonois: the Free Press

Ekpeyong, S.N. & Sibiri, A.E. (2011). Street trading and child labour in Yenegoa. International Journal of scientific Research in Education, 4 (1), 36 – 45.

Elembah, D. (2012). Nigeria, the turbulent North and the Almajrai threat cited in Bukoye, R. D/procedia (2015), case study: prevalence and consequences of streets begging among adults and children in Nigeria Suleja metropolis. Social and Behavioural Sciences, 17 (2015), 323 – 333.

Esiri, M. O. (2020). A sociological Analysis of women poverty related crimes with special reference to violent crimes, drug trafficking and human trafficking in Nigeria. International Journal of psychosocial rehabilitation, 24 (05), 1475 – 7192.

Esobonu, O. U. (2012). An influence of socio-economic status of parents on children development. Journal of sociology, 4 (2) 64-80

Fahimi, A., Saint Akadiri, S., Seraj, M., & Akadiri, A. C. (2018). Testing the role of tourism and human capital development in economic growth. A panel causality study of micro states. Tourism management perspectives, 28, 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.08.004

Galli, E. B., & Müller-Stewens, G. (2012). How to build social capital with leadership development: Lessons from an explorative case study of a multibusiness firm. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(1), 176-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.11.014

Goldmark, J. c. (1904). Street labour and juvenile delinquency. Political science Quarterly, 19 (3), 417-438.

Handbook of crime and criminal Justice (2011) ed. Michael Tony. Oxford publishers www.oxforshandbooks.com

Hassan, I. M. , Akunesiobike, C. A. & Uguoke, O, C. (2020). The nexus of street trading and juvenile delinquency: A study of Chanchaga Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science(IJRISS), IV(V), 2454 – 6186.

Idowu, S.O. (1992). How close are you to your child? Sunday observer February 19 Benin – city, Nigeria

ILO (1996) international labour conference on child labour: Targeting the intolerable. General ILO publication

ILO (1998). International conference on child labour. Geneva: ILO publications

Jacks, S., Ekeng, E. B & James, O. E. (2019). Characterization of delinquencies associated with street juvenile hawkers in Calabar, cross Rivers state, Nigeria. International Journal of innovative social sciences Research, 7 (2); 21-26.

Jike, V.T. (2004). Child Labour and the Problem of Institutional Discontinuities in Nigeria. Journal of Trade and Issue in Crime and Criminal Justice.

Jones, L., Norton, L., Austin, Z., Browne, A. L., Donovan, D., Emmett, B. A., ... & Willis, G. F. (2016). Stocks and flows of natural and human-derived capital in ecosystem services. Land use policy, 52, 151-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.014

Joshi, S. (2020). Juvenile delinquency. http://www.legalservicesindia.com. Accessed February 23, 2021

McDowell, W. C., Peake, W. O., Coder, L., & Harris, M. L. (2018). Building small firm performance through intellectual capital development: Exploring innovation as the “black box”. Journal of business research, 88, 321-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.025

Merton, R. K. (1957). Social Theory and social Structure. Glencoe III: Free press

Monitoring programme on child labour (IPEC – Simpoc) (2006). www.ilo.org

Nelson, N. and Clark, K. (1986). The educator’s guide to preventing child sexual abuse. Santa: Network publications.

Nte, N.D. (2005). The Political Economy of Child Labour in a depressed economy: the case of Port Harcourt city, Nigeria. In Ifeanacho, M. (Ed.) The Socio-Antrop Perspective of African Development Crisis. A publication of the department of sociology, Faculty of sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nwanne, O. C. (2003). Educational measurement for Teachers London: Nelson

Nzeakor, O.F. (2019). Juvenile Justice system: Nature of child labour and juvenile delinquency in Nigeria. www.researchgate.net Doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34216.62723 (project). Accessed March, 2,2021.

Okafor E. & Bode – Okumade, A. (2004). Institutional collapse and child labour: The pervasive problem of street hawking in Nigeria. In V.T. Jike (ed). The Scourge of child Labour in Nigeria: A Book of Readings. Lagos: NISS publication.

Okeke, N. (2015). Poverty is driving a rise in the number of Nigeria child hawkers. The conservation. (theconservation.com) Accessed Feb 2, 2021

Okeshola M. B. (1996). Child labour. In The Rights of the child in Nigeria, Aya, I. A & Okegbue, I. E (eds). Lagos

Oloko, B. A. (2003). Child labour and trafficking in Nigeria key Issues: Paradigms E: methodologies, and measures (ed.)

Oniyama, H. & Avwata, B. (2000). Adolescent students and Drug Abuse in Nigeria. Paper presented at 1st Annual conference of the Nigerian society of Educational psychologists (MSEP) Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka 9-10 October.

Owusu – Sekyere, E., Jengre, E. & Alhasan, E. (2018). Begging in the city: complexities, degree of organisation and embedded risks. Child development research, Vol. 2018, Article Id 9863410, 9 pages https://doi.org/10 1155/20189863410, Accessed February 23, 2021

Raab, R. T., Ellis, W. W., & Abdon, B. R. (2001). Multisectoral partnerships in e-learning: A potential force for improved human capital development in the Asia Pacific. The Internet and higher education, 4(3-4), 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-7516(01)00067-7

Shinadu, J. (1986). Parents loss and child labour in Northern Nigeria.

Tambawal, M. U. (2011). Effects of street begging on National Development: counseling implications. Oer.udusok.edu.ng>handle. Accessed March 21, 2021

Udoh N. A. & Joseph, E. U. (2012). Behavioural problems of juvenile street hawkers in Uyo Metropolis, Nigeria. World Journal of Education, 2 (1), 137-144

Ukpa, No (1981). Criminology and Penology. In Otite, O. p.269-270

UNICEF (1990). The state of the World’s Children pubdoc@unicef.org

UNICEF (1997): State of World’s Child Report. New York

UNICEF (2001) children and women rights in Nigeria: A wake-up call (situation assessment and analysis), Abuja: National planning commission

Uzo, U, (2021). Analysis of Business Problems. Lagos Business Problem: Lagos Business School Site, Pan Atlantic University. Accessed March, 2,2021.

Vaitkevi?ius, S., ?iutien?, R., Meilien?, E., & Savanevi?ien?, A. (2015). Typology of human capital development in EU countries. Procedia economics and finance, 23, 1641-1648. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00520-1

Vinolia, N. S. & Fuhura, S. W. (1986). Street hawking as an aspect of child abuse and negbict. In P. O. E. Ebigho et al, (eds.) OPcit

World Bank (1990). World Development Report: Poverty. New York: Oxford University Press.

Published

2021-04-19

How to Cite

Esiri, M. O., & Ejechi, E. (2021). Juvenile delinquency dimension of child labour: implications for human and capital development in Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 69-77. https://doi.org/10.31295/ijss.v4n1.1351