Job stress and work-life balance on turnover intention: The mediating role of job satisfaction
Keywords:
health tourism, job satisfaction, job stress, PLS-SEM, turnover intention, work-life balanceAbstract
This study aims to examine the effect of Job Stress and work-life balance on turnover intention, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable among healthcare employees at RSU Grha Bhakti Medika in Bali. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), data were collected from 92 nurses and midwives through a structured questionnaire. The results reveal that Job Stress has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention, while work-life balance and job satisfaction have negative and significant effects on turnover intention. Additionally, Job Stress negatively affects job satisfaction, whereas a good work-life balance positively influences job satisfaction. The mediation analysis confirms that job satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between job stress and work-life balance, as well as between work-life balance and turnover intention. These findings highlight the importance of reducing Job Stress and promoting work-life balance to enhance job satisfaction and lower turnover intention among hospital employees. The study offers practical implications for hospital management in developing HR policies that support employee well-being and retention, especially in the context of strengthening Indonesia’s health tourism sector.
Downloads
References
Abd Hamid, A., Mohamad, M., Bahrin, F. S. K., & Syahmi Kamarul Bahrin, F. (2020). Assessing The Relationship Between Work Life Balance And Employee Job Satisfaction. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 100.
Abousoliman, A. D., & Hamed, H. M. (2024). Effect of authentic leadership on Nurses’ psychological distress and turnover intention. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 20, 100722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2024.100722
Afnisya’id, M. D., & Aulia, P. (2021). Pengaruh Work-life Balance Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Kantor Pusat Perum Bulog Jakarta. eProceedings of Management, 8(5).
Ahmad Saufi, R., Aidara, S., Che Nawi, N. B., Permarupan, P. Y., Zainol, N. R. B., & Kakar, A. S. (2023). Turnover intention and its antecedents: The mediating role of work–life balance and the moderating role of job opportunity. Frontiers in psychology, 14, 1137945.
Al-Ali, W., Ameen, A., Isaac, O., Khalifa, G. S., & Shibami, A. H. (2019). The mediating effect of job happiness on the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance and turnover intentions: A case study on the oil and gas industry in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 13(04).
Amiruddin, A. (2019). Mediating effect of work stress on the influence of time pressure, work–family conflict and role ambiguity on audit quality reduction behavior. International Journal of Law and Management, 61(2), 434-454.
Anees, R. T., Heidler, P., Cavaliere, L. P. L., & Nordin, N. A. (2021). Brain drain in higher education. The impact of job stress and workload on turnover intention and the mediating role of job satisfaction at universities. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(3), 1-8.
Ardana, I. K., & Mujiati, N. W. dan Utama, IWM (2012). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Edisi Pertama, Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Ardianto, R., & Bukhori, M. (2021). Turnover Intentions: Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja, Komitmen Organisasional dan Stres Kerja. EKOMABIS: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis, 2(01), 89-98.
Attar, M., Çağlıyan, V., & Abdul-Kareem, A. (2020). Evaluating the moderating role of work-life balance on the effect of job stress on job satisfaction. Istanbul Business Research, 49(2), 201-223.
Ballesteros-Leiva, F., St-Onge, S., & Arcand, S. (2023). Overqualification and Turnover Intention: The Significance of Work-Life Balance for Canadian-Born and Immigrant Employees. Relations industrielles/Industrial Relations, 78(2).
Barage, P., & Sudarusman, E. (2022). Pengaruh work-life balance, stres kerja, dan kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention (studi pada pekerja generasi milenial di Yogyakarta). Cakrawangsa Bisnis: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa, 3(1).
Berber, N., Gašić, D., Katić, I., & Borocki, J. (2022). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between FWAs and turnover intentions. Sustainability, 14(8), 4502.
Bhandesa, W. M., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2022). The role of job satisfaction and job stress in mediate the effect of organizational justice on deviant behavior in the workplace. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 9(4), 639–655. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v9n4.2145
Bhastary, M. D. (2020). Pengaruh etika kerja dan stres kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 3(2), 160-170.
Boakye, A. N., Asravor, R. K., & Essuman, J. (2023). Work-life balance as predictors of job satisfaction in the tertiary educational sector. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), 2162686.
Boakye, A. N., Asravor, R. K., & Essuman, J. (2023). Work-life balance as predictors of job satisfaction in the tertiary educational sector. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), 2162686.
Bocean, C. G., Popescu, L., Varzaru, A. A., Avram, C. D., & Iancu, A. (2023). Work-life balance and employee satisfaction during COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 15(15), 11631.
Candranegara, I. M. W., Mirta, I. W., & Putra, K. A. F. (2021). Implementasi Program †œWe Love Bali†Berbasis CHSE (Clean, Health, Safety, Environment) dalam Pemulihan Pariwisata Bali. Journal of Contemporary Public Administration (JCPA), 1(1), 27-32.
Chen, Y. C., Kuo, C. & Wang, W. C. (2020). Structural investigation of the relationship between working satisfaction and employee turnover. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 6(1), 41–50.
Citrayani, F., Hidayati, T., & Zainurossalamia, S. (2022). Pengaruh karakteristik pekerjaan dan efikasi diri terhadap keterikatan kerja dan implikasinya terhadap kepuasan kerja. Syntax Literate; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7(1), 225.
De Clercq, D., Brieger, S. A., & Welzel, C. (2021). Leveraging the macro-level environment to balance work and life: An analysis of female entrepreneurs’ job satisfaction. Small Business Economics, 56(4), 1361-1384.
Deschênes, A. A. (2023). Professional isolation and pandemic teleworkers’ satisfaction and commitment: The role of perceived organizational and supervisor support. European Review of Applied Psychology, 73(2), 100823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2022.100823
Dessler, G. (2020). Human Resource Management (19th Ed.). New York: Pearson.
Dewi, P. S. A., & Sriathi, A. A. A. (2019). Pengaruh stres kerja terhadap turnover intention yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan kerja (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Diputra, I. W. G. Y., & Suwandana, I. G. M. (2022). The effect of work culture, work environment, and leadership style on employee job satisfaction. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(3), 43-47.
Dorta-Afonso, D., Romero-Domínguez, L., & Benítez-Núñez, C. (2023). It’s worth it! High performance work systems for employee job satisfaction: The mediational role of burnout. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 108, 103364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103364
Dube, N., & Ndofirepi, T. M. (2024). Academic staff commitment in the face of a role (im) balance between work and personal life: can job satisfaction help?. European Journal of Management Studies, 29(1), 31-50.
Ekhsan, M., & Septian, B. (2021). Pengaruh stres kerja, konflik kerja dan kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. MASTER: Jurnal Manajemen Strategik Kewirausahaan, 1(1), 11-18.
Ferzanita, S. (2023). The Effect Of Work Life Balance And Compensation On Turnover Intention With Job Stress As A Mediation Variable In PT XYZ'S Millennial Employees. Dynamic Management Journal, 7(4), 660-674.
Fisher, G. G., Bulger, C. A., & Smith, C. S. (2009). Beyond work and family: a measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of occupational health psychology, 14(4), 441.
Fitrios, A., Aritaliraga, L. T., Widhiani, M., Prima, W. Y., & Adiwidjaja, I. B. K. A. (2021). Analisis dan Perbaikan Sistem kompensasi pada UKM ABC dengan Metode Adhered dan overlapping. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 2(12), 2229-2245.
Giauque, D., Anderfuhren-Biget, S., & Varone, F. (2019). Stress and turnover intents in international organizations: social support and work–life balance as resources. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(5), 879-901.
Gillies, D. A. (1989). Nursing Management: A system approach, Third edition. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Company.
Gustama, G., & Tarmidi, D. (2021). The influence of work discipline and work stress on employee performance (Case study at CV Rimba Jaya). Technium Soc. Sci. J., 16, 394.
Hair Jr, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123.
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 40, 414-433.
Hair, J.F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C.M. & Mena, J.A. (2022). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40, pp. 414-433.
Handoko, T. H. (2016). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: BPFE.
Hardiani, W. A. A., Aryaningtyas, A. T., & Widyanti, D. V. (2022). Work life balance dan job stress terhadap turnover intention (studi kasus pada pekerja pabrik tekstil wanita di Kabupaten Semarang). Jurnal E-Bis, 6(1), 47-55.
Hasyim, M. A. N., Astuti, W., Fadhila, N., & Artha, S. J. (2020). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja karyawan terhadap turnover intention karyawan: studi pada PT. Bank tabungan pensiunan nasional syariah, tbk lingkup jabar II. Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika, 13(2), 225-230.
Hui, S. A., Ping, K. Y., & Yuan, F. C. (2023). The Relationship between Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention among Accounting Personnel in Public Accounting Firms. Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development. Vol, 9, 2.
Jessica, N., Afifah, N., Daud, I., & Pebrianti, W. (2023). The effect of work environment and work-life balance on job satisfaction: work stress as a mediator. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 29(1), 54-65.
Kakar, A. S., Saufi, R. A., Devadhasan, B. D., Meyer, N., Vetrivel, S. C., & Magda, R. (2021). The mediating role of person-job fit between work-life balance (WLB) practices and academic turnover intentions in India’s higher educational institutions. Sustainability, 13(19), 10497.
Kerdpitak, C., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The effects of workplace stress, work-life balance on turnover intention: An empirical evidence from pharmaceutical industry in Thailand. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(2), 586-594.
Khalid, K. M., & Sahibzada, A. (2023). The mediating role of job satisfaction at selected public universities in Afghanistan: the effect of job security on turnover intention. Journal of Management and Business Education, 6(3), 244-256.
Kim, D. K., Scott, P., Poghosyan, L., & Martsolf, G. R. (2024). Burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among primary care nurse practitioners with their own patient panels. Nursing Outlook, 72(4), 102190.
Kim, E. Y., Kim, S. H., & Oh, Y. K. (2021). Impact of nurse practice environment, coworker support, and work-life balance on job satisfaction for newly graduated nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 30(1), 1-9.
Ladelsky, L. K., & Lee, T. W. (2022). Effect of risky decision-making and job satisfaction on turnover intention and turnover behavior among information technology employees. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(7), 3553-3581.
Lebang, F. A., & Ardiyanti, N. (2021). The effect of work-life balance and work stress on turnover intention with job satisfaction as a mediator at anti-corruption institution in Indonesia. In 5th Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2020) (pp. 638-648). Atlantis Press.
Lehtonen, E. E., Nokelainen, P., Rintala, H., & Puhakka, I. (2021). Thriving or surviving at work: how workplace learning opportunities and subjective career success are connected with job satisfaction and turnover intention?. Journal of Workplace Learning, 34(1), 88-109.
Liu, J., Zhu, B., Wu, J., & Mao, Y. (2019). Job satisfaction, work stress, and turnover intentions among rural health workers: a cross-sectional study in 11 western provinces of China. BMC family practice, 20, 1-11.
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2017). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Jakarta: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Margaretta, H., & Riana, I. G. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Pt. Fastrata Buana Denpasar (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of applied psychology, 62(2), 237.
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied psychology, 63(4), 408.
Nabawi, R. (2019). Pengaruh lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 170-183.
Ninaus, K., Diehl, S., & Terlutter, R. (2021). Employee perceptions of information and communication technologies in work life, perceived burnout, job satisfaction and the role of work-family balance. Journal of Business Research, 136, 652-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.007
Ning, L., Jia, H., Gao, S., Liu, M., Xu, J., Ge, S., ... & Yu, X. (2023). The mediating role of job satisfaction and presenteeism on the relationship between job stress and turnover intention among primary health care workers. International journal for equity in health, 22(1), 155.
Noeary, S. A., Purnomo, A. K., & Waruwu, F. (2020). Kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi pada pengaruh stres kerja terhadap niat keluar. Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha, 20(1), 31-40.
Novaritpraja, G. Y. (2020). Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Sumber Dukungan Sosial Sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studipada Karyawan Bagian Hatchery PT. Charoen Pokphan Jaya Farm). Arthavidya Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, 22(1), 87-100.
Nurhidayati, M., & Dini, Y. I. F. (2023). Pengaruh Work-life Balance dan Work Stress terhadap Turnover Intention dengan Job Satisfaction sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Karyawan Kontrak BP Batam. Jurnal Madani: Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi, Dan Humaniora, 6(2), 79-87.
Nurjayati, I., Widyarini, N., & Chrisnatalia, M. (2024). Peran Work-life Balance Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Perawat. Jurnal Psikologi: Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Yudharta Pasuruan, 11(1), 136-146.
Omorede, A., & Berglund, R. T. (2024). The level of burnout and cognitive stress in managers when teleworking: the impact of psychosocial safety climate and the mediating role of demand-control-support. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 17(3), 220-240.
Prasetio, P., Partono, A., Wulandari, P., Putri, ST., Ramdhani, R., & Abdullah, A. (2018). The mediation of job satisfactions in the relation of Job Stress and turnover intentions in hotel industry. Advances In Economics, Business and Managemen Research, 4(5), 1–8.
Pratiwi, F., & Lo, J. S. (2020). Job satisfaction as a mediator of effect job stress and career development on employee turnover intention PT PKSS. Dinasti International Journal of digital business management, 1(4), 580-592.
Prayogi, M. A., Koto, M., & Arif, M. (2019). Kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada pengaruh work-life balance dan stres kerja terhadap turnover intention. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 20(1), 39-51.
Raju, J. K. (2022). The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Relationship between Work-Life Balance and Employee Performance-A Study with Reference to Banking Women Employees. Special Education, 2(43).
Ramlah, S., Sudiro, A., & Juwita, H. A. J. (2021). The influence of compensation and job stress on turnover intention through mediation of job satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(4), 117-127.
Rony, M. K. K., Numan, S. M., & Alamgir, H. M. (2023). The association between work-life imbalance, employees' unhappiness, work's impact on family, and family impacts on work among nurses: A Cross-sectional Study. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 38, 101226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2023.101226
Salahat, M. F., & Al-Hamdan, Z. M. (2022). Quality of nursing work life, job satisfaction, and intent to leave among Jordanian nurses: A descriptive study. Heliyon, 8(7).
Sarıgül, S. S. (2024). The Mediating Role Of Job Satisfaction And Presenteeism In The Relationship Between Job Stress And Turnover Intention: An Application In Family Health Centres. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 14(1), 310-328.
Shabrina, D. N., & Prasetio, A. P. (2018). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Pada PT. Tri Manunggal Karya. Jurnal Mitra Manajemen, 2(4), 252-262.
Sinsky, C. A., Brown, R. L., Stillman, M. J., & Linzer, M. (2021). COVID-related stress and work intentions in a sample of US health care workers. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes, 5(6), 1165-1173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2021.08.007
Sismawati, W., & Lataruva, E. (2020). Analisis pengaruh work-life balance dan pengembangan karier terhadap turnover intention karyawan generasi y dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening (studi pada PT Bank Tabungan Negara Syariah Semarang). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 9(2).
Smith, P. C. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement: A strategy for the study of attitudes.
Suartana, I. P., & Dewi, I. G. A. M. (2020). Pengaruh stres kerja, beban kerja, dan konflik pekerjaan keluarga terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan Swiss Belinn Hotel (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Sukur M. H., Bayu K., Haris, & Ray F. (2020). Penanganan pelayanan kesehatan di masa pandemi covid-19 dalam perspektif hukum. E-Jurnal Kesehatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Trunojoyo. 1(1), pp. 1-17.
Susilo, Y., & Wahyudin, W. (2020). Pengaruh Konflik Kerja Dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. EKOMABIS: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis, 1 (01), 45–58.
Syahrial, Y., & Sari, D. P. (2023). Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi, Dan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Pada Karyawan Pt Deltomed Laboratories Wonogiri). Journal of Rural and Development, 1(1), 69-73.
Tziner, A., Rabenu, E., Radomski, R., & Belkin, A. (2015). Estrés laboral e intención de abandono en médicos hospitalarios: el papel mediador del agotamiento y la satisfacción laboral. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 31(3), 207-213.
Vanessa, A.S., Ribhan., & Mardiana, N. (2023). The effect of job stress and organizational climate on turnover intention with job satisfaction as a mediation variable. International Journal of Social Science and Education Research Studies, 3(12), 2306-2311.
Wang, H., Jin, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, S., Sang, X., & Yuan, B. (2020). Job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intention among primary care providers in rural China: results from structural equation modeling. BMC family practice, 21, 1-10.
Wulansari, C., Subroto, B., & Mardiati, E. (2021). The influence of excessive workload and work stress towards the auditor’s turnover intention with job satisfaction as mediation variable. JIA (Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi), 6(2), 293-316.
Yadav, V., & Sharma, H. (2023). Family-friendly policies, supervisor support and job satisfaction: mediating effect of work-family conflict. Vilakshan-XIMB Journal of Management, 20(1), 98-113.
Zhang, Y., Xu, W., Yoon, S., Chen, W., & Parmenter, S. (2024). Workplace support, job autonomy, and turnover intention among child welfare workers in China: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Child Protection and Practice, 2, 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chipro.2024.100027
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2025 International research journal of management, IT and social sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social sciences (IRJMIS) are available under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Authors retain copyright in their work and grant IRJMIS right of first publication under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles in this journal, and to use them for any other lawful purpose.
Articles published in IRJMIS can be copied, communicated and shared in their published form for non-commercial purposes provided full attribution is given to the author and the journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
This copyright notice applies to articles published in IRJMIS volumes 7 onwards. Please read about the copyright notices for previous volumes under Journal History.
